3. Cohen JL. Understanding, avoiding, and managing dermal filler complications. Dermatol Surg 2008;34 Suppl 1: S92–9.
4. Lazzeri D, Agostini T, Figus M, et al. Blindness following cosmetic injections of the face. Plast Reconstr Surg 2012;129: 995–1012.
5. Kwon SG, Hong JW, Roh TS, et al. Ischemic oculomotor nerve palsy and skin necrosis caused by vascular embolization after hyaluronic acid filler injection: a case report. Ann Plast Surg 2013;71: 333–4.
6. Warren RJ, Neligan PC. Plastic surgery: aesthetic surgery. 3rd ed. St. Louis, MO: Elsevier Health Sciences; 2012.
7. Fagien S. Facial soft-tissue augmentation with injectable autologous and allogeneic human tissue collagen matrix (autologen and dermalogen). Plast Reconstr Surg 2000;105: 362. –73. discussion 74-5.
9. Friedman PM, Mafong EA, Kauvar AN, et al. Safety data of injectable nonanimal stabilized hyaluronic acid gel for soft tissue augmentation. Dermatol Surg 2002;28: 491–4.
10. Cheng JT, Perkins SW, Hamilton MM. Collagen and injectable fillers. Otolaryngol Clin North Am 2002;35: 73. –85. vi.
12. Monheit GD, Prather CL. Juvéderm: a hyaluronic acid dermal filler. J Drugs Dermatol 2007;6: 1091–5.
13. Rohrich RJ, Ghavami A, Crosby MA. The role of hyaluronic acid fillers (Restylane) in facial cosmetic surgery: review and technical considerations. Plast Reconstr Surg 2007;120: 41s–54s.
14. Narins RS, Brandt F, Leyden J, et al. A randomized, double-blind, multicenter comparison of the efficacy and tolerability of Restylane versus Zyplast for the correction of nasolabial folds. Dermatol Surg 2003;29: 588–95.
15. Lemperle G, Gauthier-Hazan N, Lemperle M. PMMA-Microspheres (Artecoll) for long-lasting correction of wrinkles: refinements and statistical results. Aesthetic Plast Surg 1998;22: 356–65.
19. Dinehart SM, Henry L. Dietary supplements: altered coagulation and effects on bruising. Dermatol Surg 2005;31: 819. –26. discussion 26.
21. Narins RS, Jewell M, Rubin M, et al. Clinical conference: management of rare events following dermal fillers--focal necrosis and angry red bumps. Dermatol Surg 2006;32: 426–34.
22. Hirsch RJ, Narurkar V, Carruthers J. Management of injected hyaluronic acid induced Tyndall effects. Lasers Surg Med 2006;38: 202–4.
23. Brody HJ. Use of hyaluronidase in the treatment of granulomatous hyaluronic acid reactions or unwanted hyaluronic acid misplacement. Dermatol Surg 2005;31: 893–7.
24. Berlin A, Cohen JL, Goldberg DJ. Calcium hydroxylapatite for facial rejuvenation. Semin Cutan Med Surg 2006;25: 132–7.
25. Lemperle G, Romano JJ, Busso M. Soft tissue augmentation with artecoll: 10-year history, indications, techniques, and complications. Dermatol Surg 2003;29: 573–87.
26. Daines SM, Williams EF. Complications associated with injectable soft-tissue fillers: a 5-year retrospective review. JAMA Facial Plast Surg 2013;15: 226–31.
27. Monheit GD, Rohrich RJ. The nature of long-term fillers and the risk of complications. Dermatol Surg 2009;35 Suppl 2: 1598–604.
28. Leonhardt JM, Lawrence N, Narins RS. Angioedema acute hypersensitivity reaction to injectable hyaluronic acid. Dermatol Surg 2005;31: 577–9.
29. Andre P, Lowe NJ, Parc A, et al. Adverse reactions to dermal fillers: a review of European experiences. J Cosmet Laser Ther 2005;7: 171–6.
30. Heise H, Zimmermann R, Heise P. Temporary granulomatous inflammation following collagen implantation. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2001;29: 238–41.
31. Ledon JA, Savas JA, Yang S, et al. Inflammatory nodules following soft tissue filler use: a review of causative agents, pathology and treatment options. Am J Clin Dermatol 2013;14: 401–11.
32. Bardazzi F, Ruffato A, Antonucci A, et al. Cutaneous granulomatous reaction to injectable hyaluronic acid gel: another case. J Dermatolog Treat 2007;18: 59–62.
33. Valantin MA, Aubron-Olivier C, Ghosn J, et al. Polylactic acid implants (New-Fill) to correct facial lipoatrophy in HIV-infected patients: results of the open-label study VEGA. AIDS 2003;17: 2471–7.
34. Jansen DA, Graivier MH. Evaluation of a calcium hydroxylapatitebased implant (Radiesse) for facial soft-tissue augmentation. Plast Reconstr Surg 2006;118: 22S. –30S. discussion 1S-3S.
35. Reddy KK, Brauer JA, Anolik R, et al. Calcium hydroxylapatite nodule resolution after fractional carbon dioxide laser therapy. Arch Dermatol 2012;148: 634–6.
36. Alcalay J, Alkalay R, Gat A, et al. Late-onset granulomatous reaction to Artecoll. Dermatol Surg 2003;29: 859–62.
37. Christensen LH. Host tissue interaction, fate, and risks of degradable and nondegradable gel fillers. Dermatol Surg 2009;35 Suppl 2: 1612–9.
38. Bello G, Jackson IT, Keskin M, et al. The use of polyacrylamide gel in soft-tissue augmentation: an experimental assessment. Plast Reconstr Surg 2007;119: 1326–36.
39. Bjarnsholt T, Tolker-Nielsen T, Givskov M, et al. Detection of bacteria by fluorescence in situ hybridization in culture-negative soft tissue filler lesions. Dermatol Surg 2009;35 Suppl 2: 1620–4.
40. Alijotas-Reig J, Garcia-Gimenez V, Miró-Mur F, et al. Delayed immunemediated adverse effects related to polyacrylamide dermal fillers: clinical findings, management, and follow-up. Dermatol Surg 2009;35 Suppl 1: 360–6.
41. Yagi Y, Kato K, Murakami D, et al. Use of Aquamid as a filler for facial rejuvenation in orientals. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 2009;62: 1245–9.
42. Sung MS, Kim HG, Woo KI, et al. Ocular ischemia and ischemic oculomotor nerve palsy after vascular embolization of injectable calcium hydroxylapatite filler. Ophthal Plast Reconstr Surg 2010;26: 289–91.
43. Schanz S, Schippert W, Ulmer A, et al. Arterial embolization caused by injection of hyaluronic acid (Restylane). Br J Dermatol 2002;146: 928–9.
45. Kim DW, Yoon ES, Ji YH, et al. Vascular complications of hyaluronic acid fillers and the role of hyaluronidase in management. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 2011;64: 1590–5.
47. Kim YJ, Kim SS, Song WK, et al. Ocular ischemia with hypotony after injection of hyaluronic acid gel. Ophthal Plast Reconstr Surg 2011;27: e152–5.
48. Glaich AS, Cohen JL, Goldberg LH. Injection necrosis of the glabella: protocol for prevention and treatment after use of dermal fillers. Dermatol Surg 2006;32: 276–81.
49. Hexsel D, Soirefmann M, Porto MD, et al. Double-blind, randomized, controlled clinical trial to compare safety and efficacy of a metallic cannula with that of a standard needle for soft tissue augmentation of the nasolabial folds. Dermatol Surg 2012;38: 207–14.